End Fed Long Wire Antennas: Energy Efficiency and DX capabilities

EFLW51

Flattop @ 10M height

  • The 51m wire is a good choice for 160m–30m, where the electrical length and radiation patterns remain manageable.
  • For 20m and higher, its excessive length creates a fragmented pattern, making it unsuitable for effective DX. 
Band Height Relative to λ Low-Angle Radiation (<15°) DX Suitability NVIS Capabilities
160m 0.29 λ Weak Poor Excellent
80m 0.68 λ Moderate Moderate* Strong
60m 0.9 λ Moderate Good* Moderate
40m 1.2 λ Strong Excellent Weak
30m 1.7 λ Strong Moderate N/A
20m 2.4 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
17m 2.9 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
15m 3.1 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
12m 4.2 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
10m 5.1 λ Compromised Compromised N/A

* If your goal is to improve DX performance on 80m, 60m raise the antenna to a height of at least 18M above the ground.

EFLW37

Flattop @ 10M height

Low Bands (160m–40m):

  • 160m: Poor DX efficiency but excellent for NVIS.
  • 80m and 60m: Moderate efficiency with balanced DX and NVIS capabilities.
  • 40m: Efficiency improves significantly, with good DX performance and weak NVIS.

Mid Bands (30m and 20m):

  • Excellent efficiency and strong DX performance dominate.

High Bands (17m–10m):

  • Efficiency remains high, but multiple lobes reduce focused DX capability, especially on 12m and 10m.
Band Height Relative to λ Low-Angle Radiation (<15°) DX Suitability NVIS Suitability
160m 0.22 λ Weak Poor Excellent
80m 0.46 λ Weak Moderate Strong
60m 0.65 λ Moderate Moderate to Good Moderate
40m 0.88 λ Moderate Good Weak
30m 1.2 λ Strong Excellent N/A
20m 1.7 λ Strong Excellent N/A
17m 2.1 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
15m 2.6 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
12m 3.2 λ Compromised Compromised N/A
10m 3.7 λ Compromised Compromised N/A

 

EFLW22

Flattop @ 10M height

Low Bands (80m–40m):

  • 80m: Poor DX efficiency but excellent for NVIS.
  • 60m: Moderate efficiency with balanced DX and NVIS capabilities.
  • 40m: Efficiency improves significantly, with Moderate DX performance and Moderate NVIS.

Mid Bands (30m and 20m):

  • Excellent efficiency and strong DX performance dominate.

High Bands (17m–10m):

  • Excellent efficiency and strong DX performance dominate.
Band Height Relative to λ Low-Angle Radiation (<15°) DX Suitability NVIS Suitability
80m 0.27 λ Weak Poor Excellent
60m 0.39 λ Weak Moderate Strong
40m 0.58 λ Moderate Moderate Moderate
30m 0.73 λ Moderate Good N/A
20m 1.0 λ Strong Excellent N/A
17m 1.3 λ Strong Excellent N/A
15m 1.7 λ Strong Excellent N/A
12m 2.1 λ Strong Excellent N/A
10m 2.6 λ Moderate Good N/A